In a decisive move, the United Kingdom has implemented a series of sanctions against Rwanda President Paul Kagame, citing the country’s alleged involvement in the ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

The UK government has taken a firm stance following recent military offensives by the M23 rebel group and the Rwanda Defence Force (RDF), particularly their incursions into key DRC territories such as Goma and Bukavu.

In an official statement on Tuesday February 26, 2025, the British government condemned these actions as an unacceptable violation of DRC’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, also describing them as a breach of the United Nations Charter.

The UK is calling for an immediate halt to hostilities, unrestricted humanitarian access, and respect for international humanitarian law.

Furthermore, there is an insistence on the necessity for Rwanda to withdraw its forces from Congolese soil.

The UK has subsequently slapped Rwanda with 6 sanctions:

1. Suspension of High-Level Engagements

One of the primary sanctions includes a cessation of high-level attendance at events hosted by the Rwandan government.

This step aims to signal disapproval and diplomatic pressure on Rwanda to alter its military stance in the DRC.

2. Limitations on Trade Promotion Activities

The UK will also restrict trade promotion activities with Rwanda.

This measure is designed not only to affect Rwanda’s economy but also to compel a rethink of its military strategy in the DRC.

3. Pause in Direct Bilateral Financial Aid

In a significant financial move, the UK government announced that it would pause direct bilateral financial aid to the Rwandan government, while still extending support to the poorest and most vulnerable populations in the country.

This pause underscores the UK’s firm disapproval of Rwanda’s military involvement in the DRC.

4. Coordination for Potential New Sanctions

The UK has committed to coordinating with international partners on the potential for new sanctions against Rwanda, indicating that further measures could be on the horizon if the situation does not improve.

5. Suspension of Defence Training Assistance

In light of the current conflict, the UK will suspend defense training assistance to Rwanda, a significant shift that underscores the seriousness of their concerns regarding Rwanda’s military actions.

6. Review of Export Licences for the RDF

Lastly, the UK government will review export licenses destined for the Rwanda Defence Force, a step intended to restrict military resources available to Rwanda amidst its ongoing military operations in the DRC.

UK Foreign Secretary David Lammy, during a diplomatic visit to the region, emphasized that a military solution is not viable, urging both the DRC and Rwanda to engage in genuine dialogue.

He reiterated the gravity of the situation, which has seen nearly a million people displaced and countless others in dire need of humanitarian assistance.

“The humanitarian situation in eastern DRC remains critical,” Lammy stated, stressing the UK’s commitment to ensuring that all involved parties respect the civilians who have faced immense suffering due to protracted conflict.

The British government has reinforced its intention to keep its policy under review, leaving the door open for further actions based on the response from Rwanda and the evolving situation within the DRC.

Meanwhile, President Kagame has vocally denied any support for the M23 rebels amidst the rising international scrutiny.